The short version: three numbers decide whether a first-time buyer in Texas gets help: the program’s own cap, HUD’s income limit for the metro, and the FHA loan limit for the county. This page puts all three beside what a two-to-four-unit home costs in each Texas metro, because a duplex you live in is the one purchase where the rent from the other unit counts toward qualifying.
The statewide program in Texas
Local programs that beat the statewide one on a two-to-four-unit home:
- El Paso, TX: City of El Paso First-Time Homebuyer Program, up to $5,000 (checked July 2026, source).
The full 83-metro survey, with the programs that failed the two-to-four-unit test, is on the down payment assistance page.
Income limits for assistance in Texas, by metro
Why the limit moves: HUD sets a median family income for every metro each year and most programs cap eligibility at 80% of it. The published 80% figure is adjusted, so it is not always exactly 80% of the median. The same salary can qualify in one Texas metro and miss in the next.
| Metro | Area median income (4 people) | HUD 80% limit (4 people) | HUD 80% limit (1 person) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austin, TX | $134,400 | $106,800 | $74,800 |
| Dallas, TX | $121,100 | $96,900 | $67,850 |
| El Paso, TX | $73,400 | $66,950 | $46,900 |
| Houston, TX | $104,000 | $83,200 | $58,250 |
| McAllen, TX | $64,000 | $66,950 | $46,900 |
| San Antonio, TX | $100,600 | $80,500 | $56,350 |
What a duplex costs in Texas, and the income it takes
The part most buyers miss: in every Texas metro surveyed the income needed for the typical duplex sits above the four-person 80% limit, so the program reaches cheaper buildings than the median one. The income figure is FHA’s 31% front-end guideline on the typical duplex at 6.71% with 3.5% down, before the 75% rent credit a lender applies to the second unit.
| Metro | Duplex entry price | Typical duplex | Income needed (31%) | Versus the 80% limit (4 people) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austin, TX | $450,000 | $499,900 | $185,093 | over |
| Dallas, TX | $399,000 | $549,000 | $207,107 | over |
| El Paso, TX | $198,000 | $250,000 | $99,853 | over |
| Houston, TX | $309,000 | $428,000 | $163,410 | over |
| McAllen, TX | $365,000 | $520,000 | $202,237 | over |
| San Antonio, TX | $289,900 | $374,000 | $146,009 | over |
FHA loan limits in Texas for 2026
An FHA loan, the 3.5%-down loan most first-time buyers use, caps the loan by county and by unit count. The two-, three- and four-unit limits are higher than the single-family limit, which is why a duplex can be financed with the same small down payment at a higher price.
| Metro | 1 unit | 2 units | 3 units | 4 units |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austin, TX | $571,550 | $731,700 | $884,450 | $1,099,150 |
| Dallas, TX | $563,500 | $721,400 | $872,000 | $1,083,650 |
| El Paso, TX | $541,287 | $693,050 | $837,700 | $1,041,125 |
| Houston, TX | $541,287 | $693,050 | $837,700 | $1,041,125 |
| McAllen, TX | $541,287 | $693,050 | $837,700 | $1,041,125 |
| San Antonio, TX | $557,750 | $714,000 | $863,100 | $1,072,600 |
Where these numbers come from
- Down payment assistance: state and local program pages, each checked for two-to-four-unit eligibility in the month shown; the 83-metro survey is published as open data.
- Area median income and the 80% limit: HUD FY2026 Income Limits (Section 8), huduser.gov.
- FHA loan limits: HUD CHUMS CY2026 forward limits by county, one- to four-unit columns.
- Duplex prices: the Foothold dataset, active two-to-four-unit listings screened Jun-Aug 2026. Income needed: FHA 31% front-end guideline at 6.71% (Freddie Mac 30-year average), 3.5% down, county tax rate and modeled insurance.
- All of it, as one file: the open data page (CC BY 4.0).
Program terms change without notice and eligibility has more tests than income. Verify on the program page and with a participating lender before you count on any of it.
Questions people ask about buying a first home in Texas
Does TDHCA My First Texas Home allow a duplex?
TDHCA My First Texas Home was usable on a two-to-four-unit home when checked in July 2026: it offers 2% to 5% of the total mortgage loan amount to eligible owner-occupant buyers, and the building has to be one you live in. Program terms change, so confirm on the program page before you write an offer.
What is the income limit for down payment assistance in Texas?
The income limit most Texas assistance programs use is HUD’s 80% area median income figure for the metro, which for a four-person household is $66,950 in El Paso and $106,800 in Austin for FY2026. Smaller households get a lower figure; $46,900 for one person in El Paso.
Which Texas metro is cheapest for a duplex?
The cheapest Texas metro to buy a duplex in the dataset is El Paso, where the entry price for a two-to-four-unit home that passed the screen is $198,000 and the typical one is $250,000. Entry means the 25th percentile of surviving listings, not the cheapest building on the market.
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